- Mentha, Blaise
- Adamski, Dr. med. Sébastien
- Affolter, Dr. phil. nat. Marianne
- Aissaoui, Souria
- Alhadeff, Sophie
- Althaus, Jorane
- Amândio, Dr. sc. nat. Rita
- Andrejevic-Blant, Dr. med Snezana
- Antonarakis, Prof. Dr. med. Stylianos
- Aouri, Dr. sc. nat. Manel
- Arnaboldi, Dr. med. Max
- Arnaud, Dr. med. Valérie
- Aydin, Gylshen
- Azevedo, Liliane
- Badiqué, Dr. phil. nat. Florent
- Baerlocher, Prof. Dr. med. Gabriela
- Baerlocher, MSc Loïc
- Bagnoud, Marc-Antoine
- Bahlmann, Anna Sophie
- Balmelli, Dr. sc. nat. Tiziano
- Barghorn, Dr. med. André
- Barradas Ribeiro, MSc Inès
- Beaumann, PhD Manon
- Beck, Cornelia
- Belfiore, Dr. sc. nat. Marco
- Belloli, Marion
- Benhattar, Dr. sc. nat. Jean
- Bénière, Dr. med. Charles
- Bentz, Carine
- Berchier, MSc Kaitlyn
- Berchtold, Dr. rer. nat. Sabine
- Bernimoulin, Dr. med. Michael
- Berto, Dr. sc. nat. Melissa
- Bestmann, Dr. sc. techn. ETH, Dipl. pharm. ETH Lukas
- Beucha, Natacha
- Bigler, Dr. pharm. Susanna
- Biondo, Dr. sc. nat. Antonella
- Bogdanovic, Lyly
- Bonfils, Manuela
- Böni, Stefanie
- Bornemann, Dr. sc. nat. Dustin
- Borovecki, Dr. med. Ana
- Bougel, Dr. sc. nat. Stéphanie
- Brandenberger, Dr. med. Marcel
- Brandt, Dr. med. Simone
- Bruderer, Dr. med. vet. Vera
- Brunner, MSc nat. Jessica
- Bucheli, Sylvia
- Bucher, Silverius
- Bückmann, Natascha
- Burki, Dr. med. Dieter
- Bürki, Dipl. pharm. Carmen
- Busset, Dr. med. Christine
- Bussolaro, Susana
- Butticaz, Dr. sc. nat. Christophe
- Caderas, Sabrina
- Calvini, Jolanda
- Carboni, Dr. sc. nat. Alexia
- Casas, Dr. med. Ramona
- Cerncic, Dr. med. Priska
- Cesar, Dr. rer. nat. Marija
- Chaluthara-Rossier, Marine
- Chanson, Olivier
- Châtelain, Florian
- Cherti, Taoufik
- Cirafici, Dr. med. Rachel
- Coat, Dr. med. Charlotte
- Coelho Graça, PharmD PhD Didia
- Colagiorgio Sacchelli, Loredana
- Collet, Sandrine
- Conrad, Willi
- Conrad, PD Dr. med. Bernard
- Cordier, Dr. sc. nat. Christophe
- Cotado, Dr. sc. nat. Marta
- Dayer, Dr. med. Eric
- De Simone, Antonella
- Debrunner, Rahel
- Deluen, Dr. sc. nat. Cécile
- Denisjuk, Dr. med. Natalja
- Di Zio, Luana
- Dietiker, Dr. sc. nat. Rolf
- Donné, Dr. med. Chantal
- Drees, Dr. med. Aloys
- Dupoux, Marie-Aude
- Edel, Dr. med. Cécile
- Egger, Annina
- Fabre, MSc Estelle
- Farinelli, Dr. sc. nat. Laurent
- Fasel, David
- Favre, Jean-Daniel
- Fiche, Dr. med. Maryse
- Fife, MSc Nicole
- Fodstad, Dr. sc. nat. Heidi
- Fosso Ndogmo, Ange Prescilla
- Frei-Marchesi, Martina
- Frey Badouna, Dr. med. Amina
- Frutiger, Naylea
- Fuat Okuducu, Dr. med. Ali
- Furrer, Martina
- Gadient Ignaz, Dr. med. Gallus
- Garama, Yonathan
- Gasparetto, Alessia
- Gelzer, Dr. med. Elena
- Genevay, Dr. med. Muriel
- Ghinescu Avram, Dr. med. Ana-Maria
- Girrbach, Theresia
- Gisiger, Yves
- Giuliani, Dr. sc. biol. Daniela
- Gonzalez Arango, Juliana
- Graf, Dr. med. Susanne
- Gremaud, Dr. med. Magali
- Gruner, Dr. med. Eva
- Guerry Frédéric, Dr. sc. nat. Guerry Frédéric
- Guillod, Yann
- Haag, Sandra
- Hagendorfer, Dr. sc. EPFL Harald
- Hamrani, Karim
- Haralambieva, Dr. med. Eugenia
- Helfenberger, Madeleine
- Hemmerle, Dr. sc. nat. Andreas
- Hilti, MSc ETH Dominique
- Höland, Dr. sc. nat. Katrin
- Horiguchi, MSc Daichi
- Horsch, Dr. sc. techn. ETH, Dipl. pharm. ETH Philip
- Houlmann, Jean-Marc
- Huber, Dr. phil. nat. Sandra
- Ibarra-Ruedin, Rose-Marie
- Ibrahim, Dr. med. Yasmine
- Imhof, Salome
- Isenrich, Hubert
- Jakob, Dr. sc. nat. Arthur
- Jost, Dipl. pharm. Géraldine
- Jung, BSc, MSc Karin
- Kaiser, Ilja
- Kannuna, Dr. med. Hala
- Kaufmann, Céline
- Kaup, Dr. med. Daniela
- Kilgus-Hawelski, Dr. med. Sandra
- Kivrak Pfiffner, Fatma
- Knöpfli, Andrea
- Kostic, Saska
- Köver, Pierre
- Krähenbühl, Prof. Dr. med. Stephan
- Krapf, Prof. Dr. med. Reto
- Krattinger, Anne
- Krüger, Dr. rer. med. Marion
- Krull Nora, Dr. med. Barbara
- Kukavica, Nihad
- Kuna, Marco
- Landau, Dr. med. Bettina
- Landolt, Dr. med. vet. Patricia
- Lauper, Stephanie
- Leoncini, Dr. med. Leda
- Letourneau, Dr. sc. nat. Audrey
- Leyvraz Recrosio, Dr. sc. nat. Céline
- Li Volsi, Carmen
- Liassine, Dr. med. Nadia
- Lienhard, Ursi
- Lio, Antonio
- Lorenzini, Benoît
- Lung, Dr. rer. nat. Thomas
- Maffioli, Dr. phil. nat. Carola
- Marcelli, Dr. sc. nat. Fabienne
- Marques Maggio, PD Dr. med. Ewerton
- Masser, Dr. med. Regina
- Massimo, Dr. med. Garatti
- Maurer, Dr. med. Josua
- Mckee, Dr. med. Thomas
- Medina Escobar, Dr med, Dr scient. med Pedro
- Megalo, Dr. med. Alexandre
- Meier, Claudia
- Mejouar, Caroline
- Méleu, Dr. med. Audrey
- Michel Blanco, Dr. rer. nat. Martine
- Micol, Dr. med. Lionel A.
- Mohamed, Dr. sc. nat. El Hachmi
- Moix, Isabelle
- Moreau, Dr. sc. nat. Pierrick
- Moskovszky, Dr. med. Linda
- Mottet, Mickaël
- Müller, Dr. sc. nat. Dominik
- Murisier, Dr. sc. nat. Fabien
- Myit, Dr. med. Samir
- Nägele, Dr. med. univ. Michael
- Nguyen-Tran, Dr. med. Quyen
- Noske, Prof. Dr. med. Aurelia
- Nuoffer, Dr. med. Elisabeth
- Oliver Thumfart, Dr. rer. nat. EuSpLM Jörg
- Orasch, Dr. med. Christina
- Orellano, Dr. sc. nat. Christian
- Osteras, Dr. sc. nat. Magne
- Ottiger, Nadine
- Palombo, Yannick
- Parejo, MSc Sarah
- Pellegrini-Ochsner, Dr. med. Daniela
- Perrelet, Francis
- Pietrogiovanna, Nicole
- Pigny, MSc Fiona
- Pinto, Paulo
- Placeholder, Prof. Dr. Peter
- Pradervand, Dr. med. Pierre-Antoine
- Pranghofer, Dr. med. Sigrid
- Ranza, Dr. med. Emanuelle
- Rausch, Dr. med. Thierry
- Regber, Sebastian
- Remy, Dr. sc. nat. Melissa
- Riehle, Dr. med. Hans-Martin
- Risch, Prof. Dr. med. Lorenz
- Risch, Dr. med. Martin
- Robkis, Dr. sc. nat. Miklos
- Robyr, Dr. sc. nat. Daniel
- Roch, Magali
- Roditscheff, MSc ETH Anna
- Rolle, Tiffany
- Rossel, MSc in Biologie Olivia
- Rosselin, Dr. sc. nat. Manon
- Rouleau, Dr. med. Caroline
- Ruckli, MSc in Biologie Michael
- Rüedi, Hubert
- Rumèbe, Laura
- Rushing, Prof. Dr. med. Elisabeth
- Sakem, Dr. phil. nat. II Benjamin
- Salimi, Bachelor in Biologie Yacir
- Salvatori Chappuis, Vilma
- Sandmeier Seydoux, Dr. med. Dominique
- Scarpelli, MSc Ilaria
- Schäfer, Carina
- Scheibler, Sibylle
- Schifferle, Danka
- Schlunegger, Monika
- Schmid Beer, Dr. med. Simone
- Schneider, Dr. med. Vanessa
- Schoder, Fabio
- Scholz, Eva
- Schulzki, Dr. med. Thomas
- Sedik, Catherine
- Seffert, Dr. med. Olivier
- Shahini, Diellëza
- Sharma, MSc Suman
- Siede, PD Dr. med. Werner
- Sigron, Madlaina
- Sipos, MSc Beata
- Skendaj, Dr. rer. nat. Roswitha
- Sloan Béna, PD Dr. med., Dr. sc. nat. Frédérique
- Soldini, PD Dr. med. Davide
- Sopi, Hava
- Spada, Dr. med. Salvatore
- Squillacioti, Melissa
- Stehlin, Dr. phil. nat. Fabrice
- Steiner, Stanislava
- Stierlin, Dr. sc. med. Noël
- Stricker, Dr. sc. nat. Reto
- Strittmatter, Dr. sc. nat. Axel
- Stutz, Martina
- Suter, Sonja
- Talamo Blandin, Dr. sc. nat. Anna
- Targa, Dr. med. Cèlia
- Tedeschi, Mireille
- Telser, Dr. scient. med. Julia
- Thalmann, Dr. sc. nat. Matthias
- Tirefort, Dr. med. Yordanka
- Tkaceva, MSc Aleksandra
- Tolomei, Nadia
- Trummler, Dr. med. Michael
- Tsakiris, Prof. Dr. med. Dimitrios
- Uhlmann, Dr. med. Frank
- Uhr, Dr. med. Mario
- Vallet, Dr. sc. nat. Véronique
- Vaninetti, MSc Gianluca
- Vargas, Josefina
- Veljkovi, Mila
- Vigano, Alessandro
- Vincent, Dr. sc. nat. Nadine
- Voeffray, Jenny
- Vogel, Dr. med. Miriam
- Vollandt, Sybille
- von Ledebur-Wicheln, Leonie
- Vornhusen, Dr. med. Sylke
- Vuilliomenet, Dr. med. Andrès
- Vulliemoz, Dr. med. Nicolas
- Wampfler, Dr. phil. nat. Rahel
- Wassmer, Jean-Luc
- Wehrli, PD Dr. med., Dr. sc. nat. Faina
- Weile, Dr. rer. nat. Jan
- Weis, Dr. rer. nat. Severin
- Wetzel, Dr. rer. nat. Johanna
- Wiedemann, Dr. rer. hum. biol. Ute
- Willimann, Dr. med. vet. Anna
- Wohlwend, Dr. scient. med. Nadia
- Wyss-Abulker, Dr. med. Caroline
- Yan, Dr. med. Pu
- Zaun, Anna-Lena
- Zehnder, Dr. med. vet. Cinzia
- Zhang, M. phil. Luduo
- Zhong, Prof. Dr. Qing
- Ziadi, Dr. med. Sonia
- Zimmermann, Dr. sc. nat. Catherine
- Zumbrunn, Yves
- Mentha, Blaise
- Adamski, Dr. med. Sébastien
- Affolter, Dr. phil. nat. Marianne
- Aissaoui, Souria
- Alhadeff, Sophie
- Althaus, Jorane
- Amândio, Dr. sc. nat. Rita
- Andrejevic-Blant, Dr. med Snezana
- Antonarakis, Prof. Dr. med. Stylianos
- Aouri, Dr. sc. nat. Manel
- Arnaboldi, Dr. med. Max
- Arnaud, Dr. med. Valérie
- Aydin, Gylshen
- Azevedo, Liliane
- Badiqué, Dr. phil. nat. Florent
- Baerlocher, Prof. Dr. med. Gabriela
- Baerlocher, MSc Loïc
- Bagnoud, Marc-Antoine
- Bahlmann, Anna Sophie
- Balmelli, Dr. sc. nat. Tiziano
- Barghorn, Dr. med. André
- Barradas Ribeiro, MSc Inès
- Beaumann, PhD Manon
- Beck, Cornelia
- Belfiore, Dr. sc. nat. Marco
- Belloli, Marion
- Benhattar, Dr. sc. nat. Jean
- Bénière, Dr. med. Charles
- Bentz, Carine
- Berchier, MSc Kaitlyn
- Berchtold, Dr. rer. nat. Sabine
- Bernimoulin, Dr. med. Michael
- Berto, Dr. sc. nat. Melissa
- Bestmann, Dr. sc. techn. ETH, Dipl. pharm. ETH Lukas
- Beucha, Natacha
- Bigler, Dr. pharm. Susanna
- Biondo, Dr. sc. nat. Antonella
- Bogdanovic, Lyly
- Bonfils, Manuela
- Böni, Stefanie
- Bornemann, Dr. sc. nat. Dustin
- Borovecki, Dr. med. Ana
- Bougel, Dr. sc. nat. Stéphanie
- Brandenberger, Dr. med. Marcel
- Brandt, Dr. med. Simone
- Bruderer, Dr. med. vet. Vera
- Brunner, MSc nat. Jessica
- Bucheli, Sylvia
- Bucher, Silverius
- Bückmann, Natascha
- Burki, Dr. med. Dieter
- Bürki, Dipl. pharm. Carmen
- Busset, Dr. med. Christine
- Bussolaro, Susana
- Butticaz, Dr. sc. nat. Christophe
- Caderas, Sabrina
- Calvini, Jolanda
- Carboni, Dr. sc. nat. Alexia
- Casas, Dr. med. Ramona
- Cerncic, Dr. med. Priska
- Cesar, Dr. rer. nat. Marija
- Chaluthara-Rossier, Marine
- Chanson, Olivier
- Châtelain, Florian
- Cherti, Taoufik
- Cirafici, Dr. med. Rachel
- Coat, Dr. med. Charlotte
- Coelho Graça, PharmD PhD Didia
- Colagiorgio Sacchelli, Loredana
- Collet, Sandrine
- Conrad, Willi
- Conrad, PD Dr. med. Bernard
- Cordier, Dr. sc. nat. Christophe
- Cotado, Dr. sc. nat. Marta
- Dayer, Dr. med. Eric
- De Simone, Antonella
- Debrunner, Rahel
- Deluen, Dr. sc. nat. Cécile
- Denisjuk, Dr. med. Natalja
- Di Zio, Luana
- Dietiker, Dr. sc. nat. Rolf
- Donné, Dr. med. Chantal
- Drees, Dr. med. Aloys
- Dupoux, Marie-Aude
- Edel, Dr. med. Cécile
- Egger, Annina
- Fabre, MSc Estelle
- Farinelli, Dr. sc. nat. Laurent
- Fasel, David
- Favre, Jean-Daniel
- Fiche, Dr. med. Maryse
- Fife, MSc Nicole
- Fodstad, Dr. sc. nat. Heidi
- Fosso Ndogmo, Ange Prescilla
- Frei-Marchesi, Martina
- Frey Badouna, Dr. med. Amina
- Frutiger, Naylea
- Fuat Okuducu, Dr. med. Ali
- Furrer, Martina
- Gadient Ignaz, Dr. med. Gallus
- Garama, Yonathan
- Gasparetto, Alessia
- Gelzer, Dr. med. Elena
- Genevay, Dr. med. Muriel
- Ghinescu Avram, Dr. med. Ana-Maria
- Girrbach, Theresia
- Gisiger, Yves
- Giuliani, Dr. sc. biol. Daniela
- Gonzalez Arango, Juliana
- Graf, Dr. med. Susanne
- Gremaud, Dr. med. Magali
- Gruner, Dr. med. Eva
- Guerry Frédéric, Dr. sc. nat. Guerry Frédéric
- Guillod, Yann
- Haag, Sandra
- Hagendorfer, Dr. sc. EPFL Harald
- Hamrani, Karim
- Haralambieva, Dr. med. Eugenia
- Helfenberger, Madeleine
- Hemmerle, Dr. sc. nat. Andreas
- Hilti, MSc ETH Dominique
- Höland, Dr. sc. nat. Katrin
- Horiguchi, MSc Daichi
- Horsch, Dr. sc. techn. ETH, Dipl. pharm. ETH Philip
- Houlmann, Jean-Marc
- Huber, Dr. phil. nat. Sandra
- Ibarra-Ruedin, Rose-Marie
- Ibrahim, Dr. med. Yasmine
- Imhof, Salome
- Isenrich, Hubert
- Jakob, Dr. sc. nat. Arthur
- Jost, Dipl. pharm. Géraldine
- Jung, BSc, MSc Karin
- Kaiser, Ilja
- Kannuna, Dr. med. Hala
- Kaufmann, Céline
- Kaup, Dr. med. Daniela
- Kilgus-Hawelski, Dr. med. Sandra
- Kivrak Pfiffner, Fatma
- Knöpfli, Andrea
- Kostic, Saska
- Köver, Pierre
- Krähenbühl, Prof. Dr. med. Stephan
- Krapf, Prof. Dr. med. Reto
- Krattinger, Anne
- Krüger, Dr. rer. med. Marion
- Krull Nora, Dr. med. Barbara
- Kukavica, Nihad
- Kuna, Marco
- Landau, Dr. med. Bettina
- Landolt, Dr. med. vet. Patricia
- Lauper, Stephanie
- Leoncini, Dr. med. Leda
- Letourneau, Dr. sc. nat. Audrey
- Leyvraz Recrosio, Dr. sc. nat. Céline
- Li Volsi, Carmen
- Liassine, Dr. med. Nadia
- Lienhard, Ursi
- Lio, Antonio
- Lorenzini, Benoît
- Lung, Dr. rer. nat. Thomas
- Maffioli, Dr. phil. nat. Carola
- Marcelli, Dr. sc. nat. Fabienne
- Marques Maggio, PD Dr. med. Ewerton
- Masser, Dr. med. Regina
- Massimo, Dr. med. Garatti
- Maurer, Dr. med. Josua
- Mckee, Dr. med. Thomas
- Medina Escobar, Dr med, Dr scient. med Pedro
- Megalo, Dr. med. Alexandre
- Meier, Claudia
- Mejouar, Caroline
- Méleu, Dr. med. Audrey
- Michel Blanco, Dr. rer. nat. Martine
- Micol, Dr. med. Lionel A.
- Mohamed, Dr. sc. nat. El Hachmi
- Moix, Isabelle
- Moreau, Dr. sc. nat. Pierrick
- Moskovszky, Dr. med. Linda
- Mottet, Mickaël
- Müller, Dr. sc. nat. Dominik
- Murisier, Dr. sc. nat. Fabien
- Myit, Dr. med. Samir
- Nägele, Dr. med. univ. Michael
- Nguyen-Tran, Dr. med. Quyen
- Noske, Prof. Dr. med. Aurelia
- Nuoffer, Dr. med. Elisabeth
- Oliver Thumfart, Dr. rer. nat. EuSpLM Jörg
- Orasch, Dr. med. Christina
- Orellano, Dr. sc. nat. Christian
- Osteras, Dr. sc. nat. Magne
- Ottiger, Nadine
- Palombo, Yannick
- Parejo, MSc Sarah
- Pellegrini-Ochsner, Dr. med. Daniela
- Perrelet, Francis
- Pietrogiovanna, Nicole
- Pigny, MSc Fiona
- Pinto, Paulo
- Placeholder, Prof. Dr. Peter
- Pradervand, Dr. med. Pierre-Antoine
- Pranghofer, Dr. med. Sigrid
- Ranza, Dr. med. Emanuelle
- Rausch, Dr. med. Thierry
- Regber, Sebastian
- Remy, Dr. sc. nat. Melissa
- Riehle, Dr. med. Hans-Martin
- Risch, Prof. Dr. med. Lorenz
- Risch, Dr. med. Martin
- Robkis, Dr. sc. nat. Miklos
- Robyr, Dr. sc. nat. Daniel
- Roch, Magali
- Roditscheff, MSc ETH Anna
- Rolle, Tiffany
- Rossel, MSc in Biologie Olivia
- Rosselin, Dr. sc. nat. Manon
- Rouleau, Dr. med. Caroline
- Ruckli, MSc in Biologie Michael
- Rüedi, Hubert
- Rumèbe, Laura
- Rushing, Prof. Dr. med. Elisabeth
- Sakem, Dr. phil. nat. II Benjamin
- Salimi, Bachelor in Biologie Yacir
- Salvatori Chappuis, Vilma
- Sandmeier Seydoux, Dr. med. Dominique
- Scarpelli, MSc Ilaria
- Schäfer, Carina
- Scheibler, Sibylle
- Schifferle, Danka
- Schlunegger, Monika
- Schmid Beer, Dr. med. Simone
- Schneider, Dr. med. Vanessa
- Schoder, Fabio
- Scholz, Eva
- Schulzki, Dr. med. Thomas
- Sedik, Catherine
- Seffert, Dr. med. Olivier
- Shahini, Diellëza
- Sharma, MSc Suman
- Siede, PD Dr. med. Werner
- Sigron, Madlaina
- Sipos, MSc Beata
- Skendaj, Dr. rer. nat. Roswitha
- Sloan Béna, PD Dr. med., Dr. sc. nat. Frédérique
- Soldini, PD Dr. med. Davide
- Sopi, Hava
- Spada, Dr. med. Salvatore
- Squillacioti, Melissa
- Stehlin, Dr. phil. nat. Fabrice
- Steiner, Stanislava
- Stierlin, Dr. sc. med. Noël
- Stricker, Dr. sc. nat. Reto
- Strittmatter, Dr. sc. nat. Axel
- Stutz, Martina
- Suter, Sonja
- Talamo Blandin, Dr. sc. nat. Anna
- Targa, Dr. med. Cèlia
- Tedeschi, Mireille
- Telser, Dr. scient. med. Julia
- Thalmann, Dr. sc. nat. Matthias
- Tirefort, Dr. med. Yordanka
- Tkaceva, MSc Aleksandra
- Tolomei, Nadia
- Trummler, Dr. med. Michael
- Tsakiris, Prof. Dr. med. Dimitrios
- Uhlmann, Dr. med. Frank
- Uhr, Dr. med. Mario
- Vallet, Dr. sc. nat. Véronique
- Vaninetti, MSc Gianluca
- Vargas, Josefina
- Veljkovi, Mila
- Vigano, Alessandro
- Vincent, Dr. sc. nat. Nadine
- Voeffray, Jenny
- Vogel, Dr. med. Miriam
- Vollandt, Sybille
- von Ledebur-Wicheln, Leonie
- Vornhusen, Dr. med. Sylke
- Vuilliomenet, Dr. med. Andrès
- Vulliemoz, Dr. med. Nicolas
- Wampfler, Dr. phil. nat. Rahel
- Wassmer, Jean-Luc
- Wehrli, PD Dr. med., Dr. sc. nat. Faina
- Weile, Dr. rer. nat. Jan
- Weis, Dr. rer. nat. Severin
- Wetzel, Dr. rer. nat. Johanna
- Wiedemann, Dr. rer. hum. biol. Ute
- Willimann, Dr. med. vet. Anna
- Wohlwend, Dr. scient. med. Nadia
- Wyss-Abulker, Dr. med. Caroline
- Yan, Dr. med. Pu
- Zaun, Anna-Lena
- Zehnder, Dr. med. vet. Cinzia
- Zhang, M. phil. Luduo
- Zhong, Prof. Dr. Qing
- Ziadi, Dr. med. Sonia
- Zimmermann, Dr. sc. nat. Catherine
- Zumbrunn, Yves
Abteilung
Wissenschaftliche Experten
Fachbereich
Molekulare Pathologie, Pathologie